Choline (bitartrate), 100ct

Benefits & Features

• Promotes optimal cellular function as a key building block for methylation
• Supports cognitive function as a component of phospholipids and acetylcholine
• Supports healthy hepatic fat metabolism
• Provides 275 mg choline per capsule
• Highly bioavailable and researched choline bitartrate form
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Indications

• Ages 4 and up
• Pregnancy and post-menopause
• Low dietary intake (e.g., vegetarian/vegan diets)
• Polymorphisms in PEMT or MTHFD1 genes
• Supports cognitive function
• Supports healthy hepatic fat metabolism

Suggested Use

As a dietary supplement, take 1 capsule, 1-2 times daily, with meals.

Science & Research/ Verifiable Science

Although long regarded as a non-essential vitamin, recent evidence shows that the body cannot produce sufficient choline to fulfill daily requirements. This led the National Academy of Sciences to establish a daily recommended value of 550 mg for choline. Many individuals do not reach this intake level.1 Choline is a vital nutrient involved in methylation, cell membrane integrity, neurotransmission, and lipid metabolism and transport. Its metabolites are the primary dietary source of methyl groups, which are essential for neurotransmission, vitamin absorption, DNA synthesis, and gene regulation.2 Choline is also necessary for synthesizing phospholipids and acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter critical for attention, learning, and memory.3 Certain genetic variations in the enzymes MTHFD1 and PEMT, key players in methylation and phosphatidylcholine synthesis, respectively, may increase choline requirements.4-6 Because de novo phosphatidylcholine synthesis depends on the estrogen-inducible PEMT enzyme, women with low estrogen levels or certain PEMT gene variants tend to need more choline.7 Postmenopausal women, experiencing reduced estrogen, have higher choline needs due to decreased PEMT activity.8 Choline requirements also rise during pregnancy.9 A clinical trial indicated that pregnant women consuming 480 mg of choline daily had children with faster processing speeds compared to those who did not.10 Another randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study suggests that higher choline intake supports healthy liver fat metabolism.11

References

1. Wiedeman AM, et al. Nutrients. 2018 Oct; 10(10):1513.
2. Glier MB, et al. Mol Nutr Food Res.2014 Jan;58(1):172-82.
3. Zeisel SH. J Am Coll Nutr.2000;19:528S-31S.
4. Zeisel SH, et al. J Nutr.2011 Mar;141(3):531-4.
5. Ivanov A, et al.J Am Diet Assoc.2009 Feb;109(2):313-8.
6. Kohlmeier M, et al.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Nov 1;102(44):16025-30.
7. Chmurzynska A, et al. Nutr Diet.2020 Jul;77(3):368-372.
8. FischerLM, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Nov; 92(5): 1113?119.
9. Yan J, et al. Am J Clin Nutr.2012 May;95(5):1060-71.
10. Caudill MA, et al. FASEB J.2018 Apr;32(4):2172-2180.
11. Guerrerio AL, et al. Am J Clin Nutr.2012;95(4):892-900.

Warning

If you are pregnant or lactating, have any health condition or are taking any medication, consult your health professional before use.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

Source

Choline bitartrate is synthetic

Choline Bitartrate Product Information Sheet